The Ethical Thoughts Of Aristotle In Systemic Functional Linguistics

Russell (1961: 185):

The good, we are told, is happiness, which is an activity of the soul.  Aristotle says that Plato was right in dividing the soul into two parts, one rational, the other irrational.  The irrational part itself he divides into the vegetative (which is found even in plants) and the appetitive (which is found in all animals).  The appetitive part may be in some degree rational, when the goods that it seeks are such that reason approves of.  This is essential to the account of virtue, for reason alone, in Aristotle, is purely contemplative, and does not, without the help of the appetite, lead to any practical activity.

There are two kinds of virtues, intellectual and moral, corresponding to the two parts of the soul.  Intellectual virtues result from teaching, moral virtues from habit.

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In Systemic Functional Linguistics, Aristotle's two kinds of virtues, intellectual and moral, are concerned with the two projecting types of mental processes: cognitive and desiderative.  The practical activity that the appetite leads to corresponds to material processes that are enacted on the basis of desiderative processes.